a noun is a word that names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. ex: The water was cold.
a collective noun is singular in form but names a group ex: The family went to the zoo.
a pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun. ex: He left.
a verb is a word that expresses an action or state of being and is necessary to make a statement. ex: He ran.
an action verb tells what someone or something does. ex: they sang.
a linking verb links or joins the subject of a sentence with a noun, a pronoun, or an adjective that identifies or describes the subject. ex: the man is a rare species.
a verb phrase consists of a main verb and all its auxiliary, or helping, verbs. ex: she had expected them for days.
an adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning. ex: the fat cat ate.
an adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific. ex: they left quickly.
a preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or another pronoun to another word in a sentence. ex: the father of the boy is here.
a prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition.
a coordinating conjunction joins words or groups of words that have equal grammatical weight in a sentence. ex: and, but, or, so nor, for, yet.
a correlative contunctions work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal grammatical weight in a sentence. ex: both...and, either...or, neither...nor, whether...or.
a subordinating conjunction joins two clauses, or thoughts, in such a way as to make one grammatically dependent on the other. ex: after, as though, although, since, untill, when, whenever.
an interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. ex: Oh my!
Grammar Chapter 2- Parts of a Sentence
the simple subject is the key noun or pronoun that tells whom or what the sentence is about.
the simple predicate is the verb or verb phrase that expresses the action or state of being of the subject of the sentence.
the complete subject consists of the simple subject and all the words that modify if.
the complete predicate consists of the simple predicate and all of the words that modify or complete its meaning.
a sentence written in inverted order, in which the predicate comes before the subject, serves to add emphasis to the subject. ex: Under the stars sat the dogs.
a complement is a word or group of words that completes the meaning of a verb. ex: DO, IO, OC, SC.
a direct object answers the question what or whom after an action verb. ex: He sold them the car.
an inderect object answers the question to whom, for whom, to what, and for what after an action verb. ex: Jonny gave us the mop.
an object complement answers the question what, after a direct object. ex: the giifts on christmas made chuck happy.
a subject complement follows a subject and linking verb and identifies or describes the subject. ex: PA, PN.
a predicate nominative is a noun or a pronoun that follows a linking verb and points back to the subject to rename it or to identify it further. ex: Wrestlers are men.
a predicate adjective is an adjective that follows a linking verb and points back to the subject and further describes it. ex: Wrestlers are tough.
Practice Exercises chapter 1-2
directions: identify the underlined words in each sentence. chose from: do, io, oc, pa, pn, comp subj, comp pred, interjection, coordinating or correlative conjunction, adj, adv, collective noun, special linking verb, or inverted order.
1. The boy ate the sandwichgladly.
2. Both boys and girls are humans.
3. Johnny ran and jumped over the stream.
4. Billy forgot to give us the sign.
5. Stop! I've already told you twice.
6. The family stopped at the market to buy elephants.
7. Above the dead carcus circled the buzzards.
8. The painting was marvelous.
9. The monkey appears purple.
10. the last and final question was fantastic.
Grammar chapter 1- parts of speech
a noun is a word that names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea. ex: The water was cold.a collective noun is singular in form but names a group ex: The family went to the zoo.
a pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun. ex: He left.
a verb is a word that expresses an action or state of being and is necessary to make a statement. ex: He ran.
an action verb tells what someone or something does. ex: they sang.
a linking verb links or joins the subject of a sentence with a noun, a pronoun, or an adjective that identifies or describes the subject. ex: the man is a rare species.
a verb phrase consists of a main verb and all its auxiliary, or helping, verbs. ex: she had expected them for days.
an adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning. ex: the fat cat ate.
an adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific. ex: they left quickly.
a preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or another pronoun to another word in a sentence. ex: the father of the boy is here.
a prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition.
a coordinating conjunction joins words or groups of words that have equal grammatical weight in a sentence. ex: and, but, or, so nor, for, yet.
a correlative contunctions work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal grammatical weight in a sentence. ex: both...and, either...or, neither...nor, whether...or.
a subordinating conjunction joins two clauses, or thoughts, in such a way as to make one grammatically dependent on the other. ex: after, as though, although, since, untill, when, whenever.
an interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. ex: Oh my!
Grammar Chapter 2- Parts of a Sentence
the simple subject is the key noun or pronoun that tells whom or what the sentence is about.the simple predicate is the verb or verb phrase that expresses the action or state of being of the subject of the sentence.
the complete subject consists of the simple subject and all the words that modify if.
the complete predicate consists of the simple predicate and all of the words that modify or complete its meaning.
a sentence written in inverted order, in which the predicate comes before the subject, serves to add emphasis to the subject. ex: Under the stars sat the dogs.
a complement is a word or group of words that completes the meaning of a verb. ex: DO, IO, OC, SC.
a direct object answers the question what or whom after an action verb. ex: He sold them the car.
an inderect object answers the question to whom, for whom, to what, and for what after an action verb. ex: Jonny gave us the mop.
an object complement answers the question what, after a direct object. ex: the giifts on christmas made chuck happy.
a subject complement follows a subject and linking verb and identifies or describes the subject. ex: PA, PN.
a predicate nominative is a noun or a pronoun that follows a linking verb and points back to the subject to rename it or to identify it further. ex: Wrestlers are men.
a predicate adjective is an adjective that follows a linking verb and points back to the subject and further describes it. ex: Wrestlers are tough.
Practice Exercises chapter 1-2
directions: identify the underlined words in each sentence. chose from: do, io, oc, pa, pn, comp subj, comp pred, interjection, coordinating or correlative conjunction, adj, adv, collective noun, special linking verb, or inverted order.1. The boy ate the sandwich gladly.
2. Both boys and girls are humans.
3. Johnny ran and jumped over the stream.
4. Billy forgot to give us the sign.
5. Stop! I've already told you twice.
6. The family stopped at the market to buy elephants.
7. Above the dead carcus circled the buzzards.
8. The painting was marvelous.
9. The monkey appears purple.
10. the last and final question was fantastic.